Smart Energy Management of Electric Vehicle Parking Lots within Dynamic Electricity Market

Rashidizadeh-Kermani, Homa; Cheraghi, Mahdiar; Najafi, Arsalan

doi:10.22077/ijpe.2025.9618.1022

Smart Energy Management of Electric Vehicle Parking Lots within Dynamic Electricity Market

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Homa Rashidizadeh-Kermani ¹

Mahdiar Cheraghi ²

Arsalan Najafi ³

¹ Research and Innovation Division, Nowocert, Dublin, Ireland

² Research and Technical Division, Saha Niroo Savis Company, South Khorasan, Iran

³ Geology and Geotechnics, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology

10.22077/ijpe.2025.9618.1022

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of decision making for an electric vehicle parking lot during a short-term time horizon in a competitive environment is modeled as a bi-level problem. Several electric vehicle parking lots compete with each other in a competitive space to supply energy to vehicles. Electricity market prices, the bidding prices of competing parking lots, and the stochastic nature of drivers' behavior transform the decision-making problem into a probabilistic one. Therefore, the proposed problem is formulated probabilistically and in two levels. In the first level, the electric vehicle parking lot seeks to maximize its profit by participating in the short-term power pool market, including day-ahead and balancing markets. The second level there are electric vehicle owners who try to supply their required energy from the cheapest aggregator. The results show the impact of risk averse behavior of aggregators on the energy purchased from the network in day ahead and balancing markets.

Keywords

Renewable energies

bi-level problem

day-ahead scheduling

demand response

electric vehicle